Diana E. Burlutskaya,
3rd year student of the specialty psychology of service activity, faculty of Psychology,
Belgorod State National Research University, Belgorod
Scientific adviser
Alexander V. Markov
Senior Lecturer
Department of Foreign Languages
NRU BSU
RELATIONSHIP OF ADOLESCENT PERSONALIZATION WITH DIFFERENT CONFLICT BEHAVIOR STRATEGIES
Annotation:This article presents the study of the connection between self-actualization of adolescents' personality with various strategies of behavior in conflict.
Key words: self-actualization, personality, adolescents, conflict, strategies of behavior in a conflict, conflict situations.
The development of a teenager's personality is directly affected by such a personal feature as self-actualization, which reflects the ability to reveal one's own potential, develop one's own abilities and talents as much as possible. Unfortunately, today this property of a teenager's personality is taken out of his interests, and, often, despite the rather deep development of many aspects of the phenomenon of self-actualization, society does not deal with this important problem of self-expression and self-assertion in the immediate environment. It is necessary to determine how a teenager is able to realize his significance in the vital situations that happen to him, without ignoring the fact that his character, personal values, norms, social relations, etc., change at this age period. The need for this knowledge determines the relevance of the topic we have chosen.
Research hypothesis: there is a connection between the self-actualization of the personality of adolescents and the strategies of behavior in conflict, namely: the higher such indicators of the level of self-actualization of the personality of adolescents are expressed on the scale: "Values", "Creativity", "Autonomy", "Self-Understanding" and "Contact", the higher the severity of such strategies as “Cooperation” and “Compromise”, and, conversely, the lower the indicators of the level of self-actualization of the personality of adolescents on the scale: “Values”, “Creativity”, “Autonomy”, “Spontaneity” and “Autosympathy”, the higher the severity of such a strategy of behavior as "Competition".
Research methods:
Diagnostics of personality self-actualization (A.V. Lazukin).
Test "Strategies of behavior in conflict" (K. Thomas).
S.Muddi's method of diagnosing hardiness (adapted by D.Leontiev).
Questionnaire "Level of subjective control (LSC)" (J. Rotter, adaptation of E.F. Bazhin, S.A. Golynkina, A.M. Etkind).
At the initial stage of our study, we studied the features of self-actualization of the personality of adolescents, using the questionnaire for diagnosing self-actualization of the personality of A.V. Lazukin. Now let's switch to a discussion of data on the distribution of adolescents according to indicators of self-actualization of their personality (Rice 1.).
1 - Orientation in time, 2 - Values, 3 - A look at human nature, 4 - The need for knowledge, 5 - Creativity, 6 - Autonomy, 7 - Spontaneity, 8 - Self-understanding, 9 - Autosympathy, 10 - Contact, 11 - Flexibility in communication.
Rice. 1. The severity of indicators of self-actualization of the personality of adolescents (average b., max = 15 b)
As seen in fig. 1. The most pronounced indicators are "Values" (Mx=8.62 - 57.4% - 28 people) and "Creativity" (Mx=8.58 - 57.2% - 27 people). No less significant are "Autonomy" (Mx=7.78 - 51.8% - 26 people) and "Flexibility in communication" (Mx=7.72 - 51.4% - 25 people). The least pronounced are such scales as "Spontaneity" (Mx=6.96 - 46.4% - 22 people), "Contact" (Mx=5.95 - 39.6% - 14 people), "Orientation in time" (Mx=5.8 - 38.6% - 17 people) and "Autosympathy" (Mx=5.34 - 35.6% - 13 people). Indicators "View of human nature" (Mx=4.67 - 31.1% - 13 people), "Need for knowledge" (Mx=4.95 - 33% - 15 people) and "Self-understanding" (Mx=5, 09 - 33.9% - 15 people) have the least points, they are not entirely significant for our sample. In other words, the children in our sample are not always friendly and honest, they believe that the thirst for something new and interest in some objects cannot directly satisfy their needs, therefore they are guided by the opinions of others and tend to replace their preferences with external social standards.
In order to identify statistical differences in indicators of self-actualization of the personality of adolescents, we conducted a statistical analysis of the data using the nonparametric U-Mann-Whitney test.
Statistically significant differences were obtained on the scales "Autonomy" (Uemp=168.5), "Values" (Uemp=162.5) and "Creativity" (Uemp=130), indicating that adolescent girls are more autonomous , kind and self-sufficient, able to self-actualize themselves in creativity, strive to build healthy relationships with other people, unlike teenage boys.
Next, we examined the factors that contribute to successful coping with stress and reducing the internal tension of the personality of adolescents, using the Muddy hardiness test, adapted by D.A. Leontiev, E.I. Rasskazova. The results obtained are shown in Figure 2.:
1 - Resilience, 2 - Engagement, 3 - Control, 4 - Risk Acceptance.
Rice. 2. The severity of indicators of the resilience of the personality of adolescents (cf. max = 135 b)
According to the results of the study, it was found that the subjects have a certain severity of the indicator of hardiness (Mx = 76.9 - 57% - 29 people), this tells us that in stressful situations, adolescents can cope with their own behavior, preventing the occurrence of internal tension, by applying coping strategies or perceiving stress as an insignificant event in their lives.
The second most pronounced were such hardiness components as Involvement (Mx = 31.6 - 23.4% - 12 people) and Control (Mx = 29.5 - 21.8% - 11 people). The explicitness of these indicators indicates that the majority of respondents do not enjoy their own activities, perhaps this is due to the feeling by adolescents of a feeling of rejection, life “not at ease”. At the same time, adolescents, no doubt, are convinced that the struggle will allow them to influence the outcome of what is happening, even if the influence will not be absolute due to the lack of a large stock of life experience.
But the Risk Acceptance indicator (Mx = 15.8 - 11.7% - 6 people) was the least manifested in adolescents, we dare to assume that the subjects view life as acquiring something new and interesting, by striving for comfort and security, but including, at the same time, the richness of impressions, the heterogeneity and variability of the environment, as well as the willingness to act in certain situations “at your own peril and risk”.
A study of the diagnosis of the distribution of adolescents in choosing a strategy of behavior in conflict situations showed that:
So, most of the teenagers in our sample prefer to get out of conflict situations with the help of such a strategy as "Compromise", which indicates that teenagers tend to get out of the dispute and maintain relations with the opponent. The results are presented in Figure 3:
1 - Rivalry, 2 - Cooperation, 3 - Compromise, 4 - Avoidance,
5 - Adaptations.
Rice. 3. Distribution of adolescents by choice of strategy of behavior in conflict (in %)
Further, we studied the features of the level of subjective control of adolescents using the questionnaire "Level of subjective control (LSC)" (J. Rotter, adaptation of Bazhin E.F., Golynkina S.A., Etkind A.M.). Dividing adolescents by levels of subjective control in percentage terms, we obtained the following results (Fig. 4.).
1 - High level, 2 - Medium level, 3 - Low level.
Fig.4. Distribution of adolescents by levels of subjective control (in%)
As we see in fig. 4, most of the subjects have a high (internal) level of subjective control (40% or 20 people). A minority of the subjects (32% or 16 people) have an average level of subjective control; they have both loci of control. Finally, the fewest subjects (28% or 14 people) have a low (external) locus of control; these children rely on anything: chance, fate, another person, luck, but not on themselves.
To identify correlations between the studied indicators, we used the nonparametric method of the rank correlation coefficient r-Spearman. As a result of the correlation analysis, we found 9 significant correlations, of which 4 are positive (direct) and 5 negative (inverse) correlations between indicators of personality self-actualization and strategies of behavior in conflict.
A negative correlation at a high level of significance (p ≤ 0.01) was determined between the strategy of behavior "Competition" and such variables of personality self-actualization as "Values" (r = - 0.391), "Creativity" (r = - 0.441), "Autonomy "(r = - 0.469), "Spontaneity" (r = - 0.338) and "Autosympathy" (r = - 0.407). That is, the higher the above indicators are expressed in adolescents, the less often he will argue with his peers, proving to them that he is right.
A positive correlation at a high level of significance (p ≤ 0.01) was determined between the behavior strategy "Cooperation" and such a personality self-actualization variable as "Contact" (r = 0.391). Such a connection suggests that sociable adolescents, able to establish strong and trusting relationships with others, will try to find the best way to resolve the conflict in order to fully satisfy the interests of both parties.
A positive correlation at a significant level of statistical significance (p ≤ 0.05) was determined with such a personality self-actualization variable as "Autonomy" (r=0.298) and "Self-Understanding" (r=0.316) and the "Adaptation" strategy; also "Autonomy" was determined to be statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) associated with the "Compromise" strategy (r = 0.297). This result suggests that the higher the sense of self-support and independence is developed in adolescents, the more often they are sensitive to their desires and needs, the more incessantly they will use mutual concessions in resolving conflicts or sacrifice personal interests in favor of the interests of a rival.
In the course of the study, which revealed the scales of self-actualization of the personality of adolescents and their preferred strategies of behavior in conflict, our hypothesis was fully confirmed at a high and reliable level of statistical significance. With the help of statistical methods, we found that adolescents who choose such behavioral strategies as “Cooperation”, “Compromise” and “Adaptation” in resolving their conflicts have a clear need for knowledge, which is obvious for adolescence, independence, sociability and confidence. in itself. In addition, such teenagers have a high level of creative orientation and the desire to constantly be in a team and take leadership positions in it. The results obtained using various methods complement and mutually revise each other, and it is very difficult to unambiguously declare any of them "reference".
Thus, the obtained results give grounds to conclude that the hypothesis put forward by us was confirmed: the relationship between the self-actualization of the personality of adolescents and the strategies of behavior in conflict, namely: the higher the certain indicators of the level of self-actualization of the personality of adolescents: "Values", "Creativity", "Autonomy", "Self-understanding" and "Contact", the higher the severity of such strategies as "Cooperation" and "Compromise", and, conversely, the lower the indicators of the level of self-actualization of the personality of adolescents: "Values", "Creativity", "Autonomy", "Spontaneity" and "Autosympathy", the higher the severity of such a strategy of behavior as "Competition" exists.
Based on the data obtained, a number of recommendations were formulated for psycho-correctional and psychological-pedagogical work with adolescents to develop constructive strategies for behavior in conflict and increase their self-actualization, which can lead to better and more cumulative formation of some of the most important human qualities in adolescents.
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