THE PROBLEM OF A HYPERACTIVE CHILD IN PRIMARY SCHOOL AND HOW TO SOLVE THEM
Kostyaeva Yulia Alexandrovna
3rd year student of the faculty of preschool, primary and special education
Belgorod State National Research University,
Belgorod
Scientific supervisor
Alexander V. Markov
senior lecturer
Foreign languages department
NRU BSU
ANNOTATION
The article discusses the features of hyperactivity in children, reveals the specifics of the activities of parents and teachers and psychologists with children of primary school age. A hyperactive child is primarily his feature. In the modern classroom, a hyperactive child is not uncommon; such children can be found quite often in schools.
Keywords: primary school student, hyperactivity, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, behavior of a hyperactive child.
A hyperactive child is primarily his feature. In the modern classroom, a hyperactive child is not uncommon, such children can be found quite often in schools. It is quite simple to diagnose such a student, it is difficult for such a child to maintain a static position for more than 10 minutes, it is difficult to remain silent for a long time, concentrate attention, and clearly fulfill the requirements. Children with hyperactive behavior are quite irritable, very emotional and very mobile. In view of this, various situations arise that end in conflict, misunderstandings with the teacher and the team in which the hyperactive child is located. Such children are excitable, they are interested in everything, but they often cannot listen to the answers to the end.
The most important task for the school and the family in working with a hyperactive child is to learn to live in peace with him, to listen and hear him, to teach him cooperation. Negatively affects the behavior of such a student – the teacher's efforts to make the child sit quietly and quietly, listen attentively, be obedient.
The very word "hyper" (from the Greek hyper) means over, exceeding the norm. Especially in elementary school, hyperactivity in children is manifested by inattentiveness, impulsivity, distraction, unusual for a normal child corresponding to this age. The problems of children with behavioral disorders and related learning difficulties are very relevant nowadays. What causes these difficulties? Children's restlessness, agitation, inability to regulate their behavior. Such a child often distracts the whole class, and the teacher cannot productively manage the educational process. In the classroom, hyperactive children tend to do not do what is necessary, they often go about their business, they cannot be forced to listen attentively in class, they do not understand this task from the first time, they lag behind the class work, they cannot do the work to the end, they refuse to work if it requires mental or physical exertion. At recess, such children are very mobile and aggressive. Such students do not react to the comments of teachers, especially in the first days of their stay at school. They are inconvenient because of their excessive impulsivity and activity. These children with undisturbed intellectual functions, but due to their characteristics, most often fall into the group of underachieving and lagging students.
Every day, when coming to school, the teacher should be interested in the condition and mood of such students, with what frame of mind they came to class, whether they are worried about anything that pleased them, how they spent the previous day, what they did. With students who are experiencing some problems, it is necessary to discuss their motivation for today, their goals and aspirations. When preparing for lessons, it is necessary to control that everything is ready in advance, only the necessary items are on the students' desk, it is better to remove extraneous things that can distract the child during the lesson. It is important not to raise your voice, not to focus on endless remarks, try to show the student with a gesture or a look about his inappropriate behavior in class or recess.
It is advisable to warn children a few minutes before the completion of one activity and the completion of work, so that they can have time to finish one thing and start the next. It is very important to keep in touch with hyperactive children, not to lose sight of them. Tasks for hyperactive children should look in a simple one-level form with positive reinforcement. By type: "Opened diaries. Well done, now write down your homework. Good." When giving children a new task, you can ask hyperactive children to "voice" the rule of its implementation, tell them how and what to do.
The teacher needs to emotionally support the children in their attempts at positive behavior. The system of rewards and punishments should be flexible enough, but necessarily consistent. A hyperactive child does not know how to wait for a long time, therefore, the encouragement should be instantaneous and repeated after about 15-20 minutes, only you need to come up with something for which you can praise him.
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