THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SELF-ESTEEMAND THE LEVEL OF PERSONAL ANXIETY OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Krysina Y. V.
Belgorod state national research University, 3rd year student of the faculty of psychology, Belgorod, Russia
Annotation: the article is devoted to the problem of the relationship between self-esteem and the level of personal anxiety in high school students. The features of self-esteem and anxiety of students in grades 10 and 11 are revealed. A comparative analysis of the severity of indicators of self-esteem and anxiety of senior schoolchildren was carried out.
Key words: self-esteem, level of personal anxiety, personality, anxiety, high school students, students of grades 10 and 11, high school students, high school age.
Currently, cases of mass anxiety among high school students have become more frequent. High school age is characterized by increased anxiety, self-doubt, and emotional instability.
Private self-esteem determines the degree of anxiety which may be experienced by the person. As a teenager, the individual acquires a clear social position. And it is on its basis that consciousness and self-consciousness are formed and developed. And just at this stage, the personal self-esteem of the high school teenager takes control of his behavior. As we can see, the question of self-esteem occupies an important part of our lives. That is why it is important to pay some attention to it when studying the characteristics of high school students.
The study of self-esteem was carried out by: Akhmetova G. F., Lipkina A. I., Sidorov K. R., etc. Anxiety was studied by: Astakhov R. L., Nekhoroshkova A. N., Prikhozhan M. A., etc. Studies on the relationship between self-esteem and the level of anxiety were conducted by: Goleva G. Yu., Savintsev E. I., Shevchenko L. V., etc.
We have suggested that there is a connection between self-esteem and personal anxiety of high school students, specifically, students are characterized by general anxiety, experiencing social tension and fear of not meeting the expectations of others with adequate self-esteemand an adequate level of claims.
The list of methods includes: the method of diagnosing the level of school anxiety of Beeman N. Phillips; the method of diagnosing self-esteem of Dembo-Rubinstein (modification of A.M. Prikhozhan). Statistical data processing was carried out using parametric mathematical methods (Student's t-tests, Pearson correlation coefficient) based on the statistical software package “SPSS-25”.
Empirical base of research is municipal general education establishment MBOU "Gora – Podolskaya Secondary School" of Grayvoron S. Gora-Podol. The study involved 60 students in grades 10-11 aged 16-18 years.
According to the results of the study of the severity of anxiety, the following results were obtained: the most pronounced indicator is "General anxiety" (Мх=8,8). "Frustration of the need to achieve success" (Мх=7) indicates the presence of high school students need to achieve success, i.e., the presence of purposefulness. "Experiencing social stress" (Мх =6.4) indicates the presence of stress. "Problems and fears in relations with teachers" (Мх =4,8) indicates a "strained" relationship between students and teacher. "Fear of a knowledge test situation" (Мх =4.2) indicates excitement when testing the gained knowledge. "Fear of not meeting expectations" and "Fear of self-expression" (Мх =1.7) indicate the teenagers’ experience about how they look in the eyes of others. "Low stress resistance" (Мх =1.6) indicates an inability to resist stress.
Studying the severity of self-esteem levels, we have got the following: the most pronounced is the average level (Мх=1,7), which certifies a realistic (adequate) self- esteem. A high level (Мх=1.2) indicates a high level of self-esteem. Similar results were obtained in Akhmetova’sstudy [2].
After studying the anxiety of the 10-11th grade students, the following results were obtained: in tenth graders, the following indicators prevail: "General anxiety" (Mх=9.5), "Frustration of the need for success" (Mх=7.3),"Fear of not meeting expectations"(Mх=1.8),"Fear of self-expression"(Mх=1.9),"Low resistance to stress" (Mх =1.8). In the eleventh-graders, the indicator "Experiencing social stress" prevails (Mх=6.4). "Problems and fears in relations with teachers" (Mх=4.8) and "Fear of a knowledge test situation" (Mх=4.2) are equally pronounced.
After studying the self-esteem of 10-11th grade students, we obtained the following results: the indicators "Level of claims" (Mх=66.8) and "Level of self-esteem" (Mх=56.1) are most pronounced in 11th grade students, which indicates an adequate self-esteem and an optimal idea of their capabilities. Similar results were obtained in Akhmetova’sstudy[2].
Having distributed teenagers with different levels of self-esteem by levels of anxiety, the following was obtained:the indicator "General anxiety" (Mx=8.9) is expressed by the students with an average level of self-esteem. The following indicators of anxiety: "Frustration of the need for success" (Mx=7.1), "Experiencing social stress" (Mx=6.4), "Problems and fears in relations with teachers" (Mx=4.9), "Low resistance to stress" (Mx=1.7) are expressedby the students with a high level of self-esteem. "Fear of a knowledge testing situation" (Mx=4.2), "Fear of self-expression" (Mx=1.8), and "Fear of not meeting expectations" (Mx=1.8) are equally pronounced. Similar results were obtained in Shevchenko’sstudy[5].
The influence of anxiety on the self-esteem of high school students was studied by E. I. Savintsev [4]. As a result of the correlation analysis, we have obtained 8 correlations, including 5 positive (direct) and 3 negative (inverse) correlations.
Inverse correlations were found between general anxiety, self-esteem (r = -0.429, p≤0.01) and the level of claims (r= - 0.405, p≤0.01). This tells us that the more adequate the self-esteem and the level of claims, the more anxious the test subjects are. Direct correlations were found between the indicators of social stress experience, self-esteem (r=0.397, p≤0.01) and the level of claims (r=0.461). This tells us that with adequate self-esteem and the level of claims, the test subjects experience social stress. An inverse correlation was found between the fear of self-expression and self-esteem (r=-0.292, p≤0.05).
This tells us that the more adequate the self-esteem, the greater the fear of self-expression is. A direct correlation was found between the fear of not meeting the expectations of others, adequate self-esteem (r=0.279, p≤0.05) and an adequate level of claims (r=0.359, p≤0.01). This tells us that with an adequate level of pretension and adequate self-esteem, test subjects are afraid of not meeting the expectations of others. A direct correlation was also found between problems in the relationship with the teacher and adequate self-esteem (r=0.357, p≤0.01). This tells us that the test subjects with an adequate self-assessment have problems in their relationship with the teacher.
After conducting an empirical study, we have developed a program for psychological personal anxiety correction in high school students.
The aim of the psychological correction program is to reduce the level of personal anxiety.
The objectives of the program of psychological correction are to create a favorable psychological atmosphere in the group; to overcome "school fears"; to develop an adequate (low) level of personal anxiety.
The program consists of five classes, including exercises for correction and reflection. The duration of each lesson is 60 minutes.
Thus, according to the results of the empirical study, using the methods of mathematical statistics, we can talk about confirming the hypothesis put forward at the beginning of the study - there is a connection between self-esteem and personal anxiety of high school students, specifically, students are characterized by general anxiety, experiencing social stress and fear of not meeting the expectations of others with adequate self-esteem and an adequate level of claims. This study is very relevant and requires further close attention.
Списоклитературы:
Astakhov R. L. Anxiety as a factor of transformation of the personality of adolescents // Psychology of the XXI century: Theses of the international scientific and practical student conference in St. Petersburg, 2007. - р. 160-168.
Akhmetova G. F. Self-esteem and the level of claims in youth [Electronic resource] / G. F.Akhmetova // Modern high-tech technologies. – 2013. – № 7-2. - –Access mode:http://psychlib.ru/inc/absid.php?absid=16127(date of request 12.03.2021).
Goleva G. Yu. Study of the influence of anxiety on the self-esteem of school-age children [Electronic resource] / G. Yu. Goleva // Scientific and methodological electronic journal "Concept".– 2016.Access mode:http://ckoncepte.ru/pcs/absid.php?absid892902(date of request 16.03.2021).
Savintsev E. I. Influence of the level of anxiety on the self-esteem of adolescents [Electronic resource] / E. I. Savintsev // Start in science №3. – 2019.
Shevchenko L. R. Influence of the level of anxiety on the self-esteem of older adolescents [Electronic resource] / L. R. Shevchenko // Scientific and methodological electronic journal "Concept". 2015.-Access mode:https://moluch.ru/conf/ped/archive/2015/ (date of request 20.03.2021).
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