EMOTIONAL BURNOUT IN PERSONS WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF ANXIETY

EMOTIONAL BURNOUT IN PERSONS WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF ANXIETY

Yulia A. Polyakova

3rd year student of the faculty of psychology

Belgorod State National Research University,

Belgorod

Scientific supervisor

Alexander V. Markov

senior lecturer

Foreign languages department

NRU BSU

ABSTRACT

This article is devoted to the study of aspects of emotional burnout in people with different levels of anxiety. A theoretical analysis was carried out, on the basis of which the main views on these concepts were highlighted, as well as the results of an empirical study were presented, thanks to which it was confirmed that emotional burnout occurs more often in people with high and medium levels of anxiety, while it is practically not observed in people with low levels.

Keywords: emotional burnout, aspects of emotional burnout, anxiety, anxiety levels, anxiety, stress.

Professional activity can contribute both to the development of personality and its deformation. Situations when workers have a lack of motivation, overwork, anxiety, signal the symptoms of emotional burnout. H. J. Freudenberger defined burnout as a state of exhaustion or devastation [2]. R. S. Nemov defined anxiety as a certain property that can lead a person into a state of increased anxiety, experience fear and anxiety in specific social situations [1]. A review of the literature showed that the issues of connection and influence on each other of the concepts of "anxiety" and "emotional burnout" have not been studied enough, which is why this problem remains relevant in the modern world.

We assumed that there are differences in individuals with different levels of anxiety in terms of the features of emotional burnout, namely: emotional burnout occurs more often in individuals with high and medium levels of anxiety, while in individuals with a low level it is practically not observed. For empirical research, we used the following methods: “Determining the level of anxiety” (Ch. D. Spielberg, adaptation by Yu. L. Khanin), “Diagnosis of the level of emotional burnout” (V.V. Maslach, S. Jackson, adapted by N.E. Vodopyanova). Statistical processing was performed in SPSS Statistics 23 using the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test.

Using the methods,it was found that the largest number of subjects have an average level of situational and personal anxiety, as well as an average level of emotional burnout. Many phases are at the stage of formation, which indicates the developing emotional burnout.

Next, we analyzed the differences in the aspects of emotional burnout in subjects with different levels of situational and personal anxiety (according to the method of V.V. Boyko). For this, we used the Kruskal-Wallis test. The data are presented in table 1.

Table 1.

The results of statistical analysis of differences in the phases of emotional burnout in medical workers with different levels of situational anxiety

We obtained a statistically significant difference at a significant level of significance p≤0,01 in terms of "Experiencing psychotraumatic circumstances" (H=17,6), "Anxiety and depression" (H=10,5) and "Expansion of the sphere of saving emotions" (H=10,5). According to the indicators "Caged" (H=7,3), "Inadequate selective emotional response" (H=7,7), "Reduction of professional duties" (H=9) and "Emotional deficit" (H=9,2) significant level of significance was p≤0,05. The data obtained by us indicate that the subjects differ in the level of situational anxiety depending on the formed aspects of emotional burnout: the higher the indicators of the formation of symptoms of the phases of emotional burnout, the more anxious medical workers are. Now we will also analyze personal anxiety (Table 2).

Table 2.

The results of statistical analysis of differences in the phases of emotional burnout in medical workers with different levels of personal anxiety

In this case, we obtained a statistically significant difference at a significant level of significance p≤0,01 in terms of "Anxiety and depression" (H=9,5) and "Inadequate selective emotional response" (H=11,3). According to the indicators "Experiencing psycho-traumatic circumstances" (H=6,5), "Emotional and moral disorientation" (H=6), "Expansion of the sphere of saving emotions" (H=9,2), "Reduction of professional duties" (H=9,2) and “Personal detachment” (Hemp=8,4), the significant level of significance was p≤0,05. The subjects differ in the level of personal anxiety depending on the formed aspects of emotional burnout: the higher the indicators of the formation of symptoms of the phases of emotional burnout, the more anxious the medical workers. Further, we also analyzed the differences in the aspects of emotional burnout in subjects with different levels of situational and personal anxiety. The data are presented in table 3.

Table3.

The results of the analysis of various scales of emotional burnout among workers with different levels of situational and personal anxiety

As a result of the study, we obtained a statistically significant difference at a significant level of significance p≤0,01 in terms of "Emotional exhaustion" (H=15), "Reduction of personal achievements" (H=13) and "Total points" (H=10) in situational anxiety and also "Total score" (H=13) in personal anxiety. According to the indicator "Emotional exhaustion" (H=7) in personal anxiety, a significant level of significance was p≤0,05.

The data indicate that the subjects differ in the level of situational and personal anxiety, depending on the scales formed and the overall level of emotional burnout: the higher the indicators of emotional burnout, the higher the level of anxiety observed in the subject. The results obtained make it possible to put forward assumptions about the differences between individuals with different levels of anxiety in terms of aspects of emotional burnout.

Based on the data obtained, a program was developed to correct emotional burnout in individuals with an average level of anxiety and pronounced indicators of emotional burnout in them, since it was found that it is predominant among medical workers. This program will help professionals to correct emerging emotional burnout in order to continue their professional activities and work more productively.

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