Activating the students cognitive interest in biology
Mashkova Svetlana Olegovna
3rd year student of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Education
Belgorod State National Research University,
Belgorod
Scientific supervisor
Markov Alexander Vladimirovich
senior lecturer
Department of Foreign Languages
NRU BSU
Annotation:Cognitive interest is a very important element of the learning process. It helps to shape the mental, physical, psychological and creative activity of all activities. The study of biology in general education institutions involves the development of knowledge about the laws of life, the study of the diversity of the planet's flora and fauna, the interaction of organisms with each other and the environment, and the formation of environmental education and upbringing.
Keywords: cognitive interest, evolution, education, the method, activity, subject, motivation, game, issue of interest.
The level of biological knowledge is now quite high, so we can say that studying and mastering the subject "Biology" is the basis for shaping their world view and attitude towards the world around them.
Biological knowledge is a set of concepts that are based on scientific principles of human-nature interaction, an ecological style of thinking. The preservation of life on Earth, populations of rare plants and animals, the maintenance of aquatic and terrestrial ecology are only possible through the biological literacy of the world's population.
The school subject of biology involves the learning and subsequent assimilation of various methods of biological investigation: observation, correlation of facts, experimentation, identification of subjects and objects of investigation, and the development of the ability to argue, explain, compare and prove one's point of view [2].
The basis of scientific knowledge includes: the idea of evolution of the organic world, the interconnection of biological systems, the role of humans in the ecological environment, the relationship of structure and function, the principles of ecology, the connection between theory and practice. Special concepts, terms, concrete facts, practical applications of scientific knowledge are grouped around these scientific ideas.
One of the best and most reliable ways of getting an education is through learning. In order to develop the child's personal, creative and vocational skills, close interaction between the child and the teacher is essential. To achieve this, the teacher uses a variety of methods and ways of presenting teaching material, taking into account its informative nature and involving the pupils in the learning process.
As K.D. Ushinsky noted, "students attitude towards the teacher's teaching is characterized by activity. The activity of learning determines the degree of "contact" of the learner with the subject of his activity" [8].
A qualitative means of enhancing learning is the development of cognitive interest. The use of this learning tool is particularly important in both lower and upper secondary grades, because during this period there is a formation of sustained interest in various academic subjects. In order to teach students the ability to supplement their knowledge independently, it is important to instil in students an interest in learning and a need for knowledge that they can use in everyday life [7].
A great deal of research is devoted to the problem of stimulating the cognitive interest of schoolchildren. The acquisition of knowledge and skills is the main type of learning activity, which solves the important tasks set for the school: preparing a new generation for adult life, its direct participation in the information and scientific and technological process. The effectiveness of education directly depends on the level of students' activity in this sphere [1].
Cognitive interest is the main intrinsic motivation of an individual, which is based on his or her innate cognitive needs. Lack of interest is an indicator of serious deficiencies in an educational organisation [6].
Cognitive interests are necessary for the general development of pupils and their abilities. Cognitive activity develops a child's independence, interest in the material being studied, knowledge and skills, reveals creative and mental abilities, and shapes moral, aesthetic and cultural qualities [5].
A game is an effective means of shaping students' cognitive interests. The teacher, using cognitive games from lesson to lesson, creates a cognitive interest in the students, which initially involves having fun, and then the game turns into academic work, which is still interesting and cognitive for the children [3].
The problem of interest is not only a question of the student's good psychological and emotional state of cognitive activity and interest, it is also a question of the decisions on which later knowledge will depend [4].
Cognitive activity, influenced by interest, is a powerful stimulus for the development of a child's personality, his mental and creative abilities, the ability to reflect on problematic tasks and questions, and the ability to find the right solutions.
In this manner, it can be said that the activation of cognitive interest is an important part of the development of a child's mental, creative and psychological abilities. The quality of education is determined by the factors of cognitive interest development of students included in the curriculum in time, because without an active cognitive interest it is impossible to progress their mental abilities and voluntary desire to be included in the learning and cognitive process. The activation of cognitive interest of students in the biology lesson manifests itself in the desire to learn and learn something new for themselves, both with the help of the teacher and independently, overcoming various difficulties. The activity manifests itself in the strength and eagerness to acquire knowledge and the ability to use it for its intended purpose.
List of references
1. Ball G.A. Activity Norms and Creative Activity of a Person / G.A. Ball // Voprosy psychologii. - 1990. - №6. - pp. 27-28.
2. Belyasova N.A. Biology: Textbook / N.A. Belyasova. - Minsk: Vyshayshaya shk., 2017. – 443 p.
3. Bolotnikova N.V. Biology: game lessons in secondary schools / N.V. Bolotnikova. - Volgograd: Teacher, 2007. – 225 p.
4. Deikina A.Y. Cognitive Interest: Essence and Problems of Studying / Deikina A.Y. - M: MSPU, 2007. – 475 p.
5. Zaitseva I.A. Formation of cognitive interest in learning as a way to develop creative abilities of a person / I.A. Zaitseva. - Noyabrsk, 2005. – 29 p.
6. Kostin I.S. Formation of cognitive interests of senior pupils / I.S. Kostin. - Moscow: Prosveshcheniye, 1971. – 245 p.
7. Talyzina N.F. Formation of cognitive activity of students / N.F. Talyzina. - M.: Znanie, 1993. – 145 p.
8. Ushinsky K.D. Problems of Pedagogy / K.D. Ushinsky. - Moscow: Drofa, 2005. – 247 p.
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