Тезисы научно - практической работы
“RussianandEnglishsurnames”
Секция«Английскийязык»
Introduction
In the English speaking world, and indeed in all other languages and all nations, they are the most personal of possessions - our names. They are the most fundamental identifiers of who we are - 'What is your name?' is the first question we are ever asked by anyone who wishes to establish our identity. But where do our names come from?
First names' - traditionally in the English speaking world known as 'Christian' names - are given to us by our parents. Many names have historic significance, but that history may not even be apparent to the parents who choose the name. Most are given simply because the parents think they 'sound nice', or to commemorate a relative - a grandparent, for example. Some are male, some are female, and some are applicable to either sex. Some are very old, but increasingly today, many are made up at the whim of the parents to celebrate some ethos or a celebrity who they happen to admire. And often the owner of the name chooses in later life to use another name, a 'middle' name or nickname, in preference to the given name.
'Last names' - traditionally in the English speaking world known as 'surnames' - are rather different. Surnames are very much rooted in history, in ancient origins and the professions of our predecessors. They are passed down generation to generation. They can tell us something very definite about our ancestors, and - although they may be changed if one so chooses (and frequently are on the female side through marriage) - they can provide a direct link to our relatives in the world both past and present because they are 'family names'. That all makes them fascinating.
The patronymic (otchestvo) part of a Russian person's name is derived from the father's first name and usually serves as a middle name for Russians. Patronymics are used in both formal and informal speech. Students always address their professors with the first name and patronymic; colleagues at an office do the same. Patronymics also appear on official documents, like passports, just like your middle name does.
The patronymic carries a different ending depending upon the gender of the person. Male patronymics usually end in ovich or evich. Female patronymics usually end in ovna or evna. Russian patronymics are formed by combining the father's first name with the appropriate suffix.
The theme of the research workis “Russian and English surnames».
The themeof our researchwill be acute because the names occupy a significant place in the vocabulary of any language. The man has a name, it can be a nickname, pseudonym, which play an important role in revealing the linguistic world. In addition, it is fashionable to be interested in their ancestors, constitute a family tree. It is so important for everyone to feel like not a single person whose age is not long, but part of a whole family, a link in the chain of generations.
The aim of our work is to study the origin and meaning of surnames in Russian and English.
To achieve this aim, we need to solve the following problems:
-to explore the history of the origin of Russian surnames;
-to explore the history of the origin of English surnames;
-to clarify whether there is a similarity in the origin of the surnames in the Russian
and English languages;
- to make a list of the most popular English and Russian surnames;
- to interview pupils in our Gymnasium;
-to explore the origin of surnames of pupils in our Gymnasium.
The object of our research is anthroponimics.
The subject of our research is English and Russian surnames, their origin and meaning.
The hypothesis of our research is that the history of surnames is closely linked with the history of the people and their language, and suggested that the majority of Russian and English surnames derived from proper names, nicknames, place of residence, profession.
We use the following methods of research work:
Collecting information,
Interviewing,
Analyzing,
Comparing,
Concluding,
Interpreting.
The work consists of an introduction, three chapters, conclusion, bibliography and supplements.
