Variants of the names of the main characters based on the material of the epic novel by L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace".
It is interesting to analyze how the main characters are named throughout the novel and what this is connected with.
In total, the name of Natasha Rostova is mentioned 975 times in the novel, of which 740 are mentioned by the author. Most often, on the pages of the novel, we meet with such a form of naming as Natasha. This is what Countess Rostova calls her 6 times, Count Rostov 8 times, Nikolai Rostov 24 times, Sonya 36 times, Bolkonsky 19 times. It is interesting to think about why Tolstoy named his heroine Natasha? Ouspensky notes that the name Natalya means "native", "home". Tolstoy's heroine is indeed dear, close to his soul. This name even rhymes with the word "our", that is, its own, dear. In the epilogue of the novel, it is clear that Natasha gives herself entirely to her family, to her home.
Other forms of naming should be noted. Natasha Rostova is mentioned six times in the novel under the name Natalie. This is what Vera Rostova and Anatol Kuragin call her. “- Natalie ?! His voice whispered inquiringly, and someone squeezed her hands painfully. “Natalie ?!” …… [Tolstoy 1992: 298] In this form, the name sounds in the French manner. The author emphasizes falsity, hypocrisy, pretense, the desire to stand out, because the heroes beloved by Tolstoy never speak French or French Russian.
But from the lips of Vasily Denisov, the same form of the name sounds completely different. “- Natalie, - said Denisov, coming up to her with quick steps, decide my fate. She is in your hands! " [Tolstoy 1992: 353].
Other forms of naming the main character should be noted: Natalya Ilyinichna, Natalya, Natasha, Natasha Rostova and simply Rostova. These variants of the name are rare in the novel. The servant and Pierre call the girl Natalya Ilyinichna, which is explained by great respect and reverence.
Among the names of the main characters, the use of the names of Andrei Bolkonsky is very diverse. In the novel, we meet with various forms of the name: Prince Andrei, Bolkonsky, Andrei, Andryusha, Andre, Prince Bolkonsky, Andrei Nikolaevich. Such a variety of forms allows us to analyze the attitude of other heroes and the author himself towards the character. L.N. Tolstoy chooses for himself the main form of naming - this is Prince Andrew. Only 5 times other characters call him that: Sonya and Natasha, when young Rostova, overwhelmed by love for him, says: “How wonderful he is, this Prince Andrei” [Tolstoy 1992: 372]. Interesting, but the author no one else puts this name on anyone's lips, even on the lips of Pierre, the young prince's best friend, although the author himself quite often calls him by name. With such a form of naming as Bolkonsky, things are somewhat different. So he is called by the author, and Bilibin, Nesvitsky, Kutuzov, Sonya, Natasha, Helen, Count Rostov, Nikolai Rostov, and the author uses the surname mainly in episodes related to military operations.
Analyzing the forms of naming the name Helen, it should be noted that the name Helen itself tells us that the character belongs to the upper class. But that's how the author calls her. Nobody turns to Countess Bezukhova, does not talk about her. Only Prince Vasily calls her Lelya twice. Parents or close people in the family circle often call their children by affectionate names such as Lelia, Lyalya, expressing care and tenderness in the name. Also, the old general calls Helen Elena Vasilievna only once.
It should be noted that we learn about Helen from the words of the author. Tolstoy himself, wanting to call her name as short as possible, often replaces the naming with the word "beauty". Obviously, it is connected with the attitude of the writer to the heroine. Rarely using the name, but often introducing the words "beautiful, charming", Tolstoy emphasizes to us the emptiness of her soul. And the fact that she is almost never addressed and other characters are not named in any way, one sees her arrogance and detachment from people whom she considers below herself.
Why does Tolstoy, calling her Helen, introduce such a form of the name as Elena Vasilievna? Calling Helen Elena Vasilievna Bezukhova only once, the author only emphasizes belonging to high society and, to some extent, expresses irony in relation to the heroine. “The reputation of a charming and intelligent woman was so firmly established for Elena Vasilievna Bezukhova that she could speak the most vulgar and stupid things, and yet everyone admired her every word and looked for a deep meaning in it, which she herself did not even suspect [Magazannik 1968: 185].
LIST OF USED LITERATURE
Gorbanevsky, M.V. In the world of names and titles [Text] / M.V. Gorbanevsky. - M .: Knowledge, 1987 .-- 206 p.
E.B. Magazannik, Proper names in fiction [Text] // Russian speech. - 1968. - No. 3. - p. 2
Maslova, V.A. Linguoculturology: textbook. manual for stud. higher. study. institutions. [Text] / V.А. Maslova. - M., 2001 .-- 208 s
Selishchev, A.M. The origin of Russian surnames, personal names and nicknames [Text] / А.М. Selishchev // Selected Works. - M., 1968 .-- P. 11
Encyclopedia of Russian names / [Grushko E. A., Medvedev Yu. M.]. - M .: EKSMO-Press, 2000 .-- 630 p.
Chichagov, V.K. From the history of Russian names, patronymics and surnames [Text] / V.K. Chichagov. - M .: Uchpedgiz, 1959 .-- 187 p.
.png)
