E. A. Goliusova
student of the faculty of preschool, primary and special education
Belgorod National state Research University,
Belgorod
V. A. SUKHOMLINSKY'S EDUCATIONAL IDEAS IN THE MODERN EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Annotation. The article considers the relevance of V. A. Sukhomlinsky's pedagogical system, its main provisions and aspects.
Key words: pedagogical system, education, morality, training, personality, teaching tools, methods, ideas, values.
Vasily Alexandrovich Sukhomlinsky (1918-1970)-Soviet teacher-innovator, writer, founder of folk pedagogy. He had a significant influence on Russian pedagogy in the post-war period. Returning to a peaceful life, people faced many problems. The war dealt a significant blow to all spheres of life and, of course, led to a drop in the level of education. The 1950s and 1960s were characterized by a return to the traditions of Russian pedagogy, built on attention to the child, morality, love, patriotism, and respect. The concept of V. A. Sukhomlinsky is an example of such pedagogy, which supplemented the pedagogical science of the XX century [1].
Vasily Alexandrovich Sukhomlinsky was an outstanding teacher of his time, who made a great contribution to pedagogy. The experimental testing ground for his pedagogical discoveries was the Pavlyshev school, where he worked for 23 years.
Having not only a pedagogical, but also a literary gift, Sukhomlinsky outlined his rich, unique experience in numerous articles, books, and left a great handwritten legacy.
The main problems of raising children of various ages V. A. Sukhomlinsky described in detail in the following works: "I give my heart to children" (1969)," Letters to my son" (1977), The Birth of a citizen (1970). The works vividly describe how Vasily Alexandrovich solved the problems of development, formation and upbringing, training and education of children in unity with the needs of society.
The pedagogical system developed by Vasily Alexandrovich was aimed at educating a fully developed personality. Among the components of this process, V. A. Sukhomlinsky calls mental, labor, moral, aesthetic and physical education [4].
V. A. Sukhomlinsky's pedagogical system is based on the principles of respect for the child's personality, humanism, nature-like, creative activity, and a unified team of teachers and students.
The ideas and methods of education of V. A. Sukhomlinsky are undoubtedly relevant. Especially in the development of moral qualities of the individual, because it is the moral sphere "in the pedagogy of V. A. Sukhomlinsky" that is the core. Currently, the role of moral education is being strengthened, and according to the" Law on Education "and the" Federal State Standard of General Education", the development of spiritual qualities and socialization of pupils are of primary importance. Society and the state make every effort to educate a responsible, spiritual and moral, competent and proactive citizen of Russia.
In the book "I give my heart to children" V. A. Sukhomlinsky outlined the essence of the process of moral education. "The essence of the process of moral education is that moral, political ideas become the property of each pupil, turn into norms and rules of behavior" [1].
These are the ideas of V. A. Sukhomlinsky, which in the modern conditions of school development acquire special significance: the creation of methods and forms of education and upbringing designed to ensure real differentiation and individualization of the educational process; the formation of specialized training; the implementation in the educational process of the project method, which combines the independent activity of students, their activity, creative search; the education of spirituality; orientation to beauty as an important means of educating kindness, hard work, cordiality and love; The idea of gradualness, consistency in matters of education and upbringing of the maturing personality, put forward by J. J. Rousseau, permeates all the components of the pedagogy of V. A. Sukhomlinsky, who followed his advice: "Let childhood mature in children."
The main subject in the modern school, as in the school of V. A. Sukhomlinsky, remains human studies. A subject that will help you understand human psychology, the factors that determine people's behavior and relationships.
In order to achieve the effectiveness of teaching, V. A. Sukhomlinsky developed and implemented a system of developing education, which is based on humanism, respect for children, faith in their creative powers and capabilities. The main means in the system of developing training of Sukhomlinsky V. A. are: nature, book, fairy tale, work [3].
In the education of the children's collective, the teacher used humanistic methods and techniques: methods of persuasion, personal example, ethical conversation, discussion, methods of self-knowledge, self-education [5].
It is obvious that all the basic moral values and ideals continue to be in demand in modern conditions, therefore, organizing the system of moral education, modern teachers use the rich experience of Soviet pedagogical thought in this matter, in particular, they resort to the works of V. A. Sukhomlinsky.
Summing up, we can say that the priority task of the school is the formation of the moral, value-based area of the life of a general education institution as a whole, and separately for each individual. The pedagogical system developed by V. A. Sukhomlinsky at the time enriched pedagogical science with innovative ideas, made a contribution to the theory and practice of education and upbringing. The ideas that the teacher once proposed remain significant and are used at the present stage of the development of pedagogical thought and practice.
References:
1. Biography of Vasily Sukhomlinsky / / Vasily Sukhomlinsky. - URL.: http:/ / nado.znate. ru/Sukhomlinsky_Vasili_alexandrovich
2. Dinchek N. P. The line of life of a teacher, school director, scientist V. A. Sukhomlinsky / / Psychological and pedagogical search. 2013. No. 3.
3. Labicana M. I. V. A. Sukhomlinsky about parenting. L., 1974.
4. Mukhina M. I. Humanism pedagogy VA.M.,1994.
5. Pomelov V. B. Heart given to children: the 95th anniversary of the birth of V. A. Sukhomlinsky // Bulletin of Vyatka state Humanities University. 2013. №3.
