The importance of birds in nature and their protection
Purpose: to show the diverse meaning of birds, their unique capabilities and the need for protection.
Tasks:
Continue to develop a cognitive interest in nature, observation and inference.
To acquaint with the unique capabilities of birds in the field of determining the weather, building nests, and sound alarms.
To substantiate the need to protect the feathered world, to acquaint with rare and endangered birds of the Krasnodar Territory, Russia.
Equipment: tables, pictures, posters, crafts, photographs, stuffed birds; magazines: "Young Naturalist", "Nature"; books: "Our pets", "They must live", "Unpretentious room singers", "Birds over land and over the sea", "Nature barometers", "Forest newspaper", "On rare animals of the world"; recordings of the voices of birds, melodies "In the world of animals".
Methods: Using game technologies - oral journal, theatrical performance; story, conversation; the use of pieces of music, poetry; demonstration of live birds, stuffed animals, tables, as well as drawings, handicrafts, posters, quizzes, crosswords made by the hands of the children.
Extra work:
1) A week before the start of the lesson (2 weeks is possible), the students received the assignment in groups (taking into account the pages of the magazine):
Group number 1 - collects material on the topic "Birds - forecasters and meteorologists"
Group number 2 - "Birds - architects and builders"
Group No. 3 - “Songbirds. Sound signaling of birds "
Group No. 4 - "Birds - Anatomists and Surgeons"
Group 5 - “Other possibilities of birds. Security"
2) 7th grade students were invited to take part in a craft competition on the topic "Birds"
3) Organize a traveling exhibition of students' creative works on the theme "Birds" in the office.
Lesson plan.
I. Introductory speech of the teacher
II. Acquaintance with new material:
General information about birds, their role in nature and human life, evolutionary changes.
Proverbs, sayings, beliefs associated with birds.
A page dedicated to the defenders of the forest - woodpeckers.
Sound signals of birds.
Talking Birds.
Synoptic possibilities of birds.
Birds are anatomists and surgeons.
Birds are builders and architects.
The birds are albinos.
Bird ranks.
Bird protection. Birds from the Red Book.
Life Span of Birds.
Introduction
The teacher introduces students to the topic and purpose of the lesson:
We conduct the lesson in the form of an oral journal. Like any magazine, it has its own editors, researchers, consultants, correspondents, whose role is played today by our high school students. At our gymnasium, a magazine devoted to wildlife has been published since the beginning of the year (shows the logo of the magazine, the numbers of some magazines). We hope that every page of today's magazine will acquaint you with information hitherto unknown. Although we already know a lot about birds. So, studying fruits and seeds in the 6th grade, mushrooms - in the 7th, we learned that birds participate in the distribution of fruits, seeds, spores, and therefore in the dispersal of fungi, lichens around the globe, that they regulate the growth of plants and the number of animals; are orderlies of the forest, fields, gardens, etc. (we learned this by studying worms, mollusks, arthropods), in addition, they are one of the main links in food chains, and many of them stand at the top of ecological pyramids ...
Material on the meaning of birds in nature.
We learn from history that many birds were and are still used as an object of hunting, means of transportation, communication, and even protection of homes.
Teacher: BIRDS are the most wonderful manifestations of Life on our planet. They decorate natural and artificial landscapes, giving them a unique variety. Unlike other representatives of the animal world, birds are characterized by high mobility and some unique capabilities. Today you will find out about it.
There is no such corner on Earth where we would not meet birds. In total, there are about 9,000 bird species on the globe, belonging to 40 orders, more than 100 bird species are listed in the ICO Red Book, about 800 species live in Russia. The avifauna of forests is richest: mixed, tropical, equatorial, less in forest-steppes, even less in steppes, semi-deserts, few in deserts and high in the mountains, but nevertheless they are found everywhere and are dear to us because they are part of nature. And nature is a brilliant designer, engineer, great architect, unsurpassed meteorologist. For millions of years she has worked and improved her creations. During this time, they developed, diversified and adapted to changes in their environment. As a result of natural selection, everything that could not adapt to the conditions of existence was mercilessly rejected and what allowed to survive was fixed. This happened with many creatures, including birds.
Teacher: For a long time, the appearance of various ranks in human society has been a mystery. It turns out that the birds helped us with this.
Take ranks, for example. Remember, back in 1722, Tsar Peter promulgated a table of ranks, according to which he divided the military and officials of his state into 14 classes. According to the order established by the king, a person who rose to the rank of a junior officer became a hereditary nobleman and passed on the privileges he deserved to his descendants, even if they turned out to be worthless people, unworthy to be classified even in the lowest category.
Animals also have a table of ranks. For example, birds. In the poultry yard, the dominant hen always commands. She mercilessly pecks at her companions if they do not give way to her. None of the offended dares to give this bird back. These are dominants - a bird of the first rank. Next to the dominant bird, usually one, or even two, second-rank chickens walk around. They terrorize all other chickens and only respect the dominant hen. These chickens peck even birds of the third rank. And those of all the others. In a large poultry house there are birds of 4, 5, 6 and even 7 ranks. If a rooster lives with chickens, he usually dislikes imperious, obstinate birds and makes friends with chickens of lower ranks. Doesn't this fact mean that our ancestors even borrowed privileges from birds.
Teacher: Friends, we are more and more convinced that birds are amazing creatures. Thanks to them, we have found answers to many questions. It has been proved that a small child and a bird are the most psychologically compatible, their communication systems are close, at a certain stage, a parallel development of the child's psyche and the bird's psyche can occur. Anyone who grows up in friendship with birds, as a rule, does not commit crimes, will not lead a wrong lifestyle. But each of us should know that the birds cannot survive without us.
Conclusion
Teacher: Today we learned a lot about the unique capabilities of birds, remembered about rare and endangered ones. Did you know that we have the opportunity to once again meet ... the third millennium? According to the ancient Zoroatrian calendar, this can be done on March 21, the day of the vernal equinox. The Zoroatrian calendar has a 32-year cycle, this calendar is called totemic, because every year he is personified with some animal or bird.
